— The combat readiness inspection was the main event of combat training in October. The event was conducted under the leadership of the State Secretariat of the Security Council. In particular, units of the 19th Mechanized Brigade participated in it, which in the first stage advanced to the staging area, and in the second stage marched across a water obstacle using a pontoon bridge. The inspection included practice in position engineering, tactical military deception, protection against air attacks and sabotage and reconnaissance groups, as well as test firing and assessment of the physical fitness of personnel.
— A series of combat training events were also held, including battalion and company tactical drills with live firing at the Barysauski, Brestski, and Hozhski training grounds, where maneuverable defense, coordination, the use of UAVs, reinforcement measures, and tactical medicine were practiced. In addition, the 120th Mechanized Brigade underwent a comprehensive combat and mobilization readiness inspection.
— The aviation activity of the Belarusian Air Force was recorded, including flights by fighters of the duty forces to intercept Russian UAVs, as well as regular flights by Mi-8 and Mi-24/35M helicopters to areas of the western and southwestern borders of Belarus, Krychau, Traby, Mazyr, Valozhyn, as well as to the Balbasava, Luninets, and Lipki airfields. Flights over sections of the state border and temporary relocation of helicopters to operational airfields were noted.
— The key event in the work of military commissariats was the start of the autumn conscription. At the same time, work was carried out on the conscription of reserve officers into service under Decree No. 179, signed in May. In the context of territorial defense, exercises on mobilization readiness were held in all regions of the country, during which the formation of the territorial troops and national home guard detachments was practiced. At least 144 people were drafted for military training sessions, and about 10,915 since the beginning of the year.
— Supplies of weapons and military equipment to the Belarusian Armed Forces were at a minimum level. The only notable event was the delivery of a Russian-made IMR-3M breaching engineering vehicle to the 7th Engineering Regiment of the Northwestern Operational Command.
— There was a noticeable development of military infrastructure, primarily related to the repair of Machulishchy airfield, due to which the aircraft of the 50th Combined Air Base were temporarily relocated to Baranavichy. In addition, the creation of a class for training UAV operators is being completed at the 72nd Joint Training Center.
— Belarus has intensified international military cooperation by holding talks and exchanging visits with a number of countries, including Cuba, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Myanmar, the UAE, Iran, Kazakhstan, and Russia. A key event was the visit of a Cuban military delegation, following which the parties agreed to expand cooperation in the military sphere. Talks were also held with Kazakhstan and Russia, resulting in the approval of military cooperation plans for 2026 and a strategic partnership program with Russia for 2026-2030.
— There has been no confirmation of the actual deployment of TNW in Belarus. Officials (including V. Putin and A. Lukashenka) have made public statements on the subject, but there is no confirmation of the actual deployment of the TNW in Belarus. Similarly, there is no direct confirmation of the deployment of the Oreshnik missile system, but the authorities have announced their readiness and plans to put the system on combat duty in December.
— In October, the Internal Troops conducted a series of combat training events. Active and systematic work continued with “volunteer units” consisting of former employees and servicemen of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Internal Troops who are in reserve. In addition, a review of the structure of the 6th Militia Brigade (military unit 5525) was announced, with a possible increase in its combat capability. Information about the activities of Group A of the KGB has emerged. The unit is actively being equipped with UAVs, and in 2025, 1,000 rounds of ammunition were purchased for it to be dropped from UAVs. In recent years, the fleet of armored vehicles has also been expanded, including BTR-82A, BMP-2, Tigr vehicles, and covertly armored vehicles.
— The situation in the border areas of Belarus remains stable. Units of the 103rd Airborne Brigade are located in the Ukrainian direction (in Homiel district). Units of the Internal Troops are also present in Homiel region on a rotational basis. The total number of troops is estimated at 1,000; they do not pose a military threat to Ukraine. No troop redeployments have been recorded in the western direction (Poland, Lithuania, Latvia).
— In the Belarusian military-industrial complex, there were reports of an expansion of production capacity and the development of new means of combating UAVs at OJSC Radar Design Bureau. In the field of military-technical cooperation with Russia, there have been deliveries of equipment for the production of ammunition, transportation of ammunition between countries, participation of Belarusian enterprises in the maintenance of Russian strategic weapons, as well as joint training of military personnel. In addition, meetings of intergovernmental commissions on military-technical cooperation with Russia, Laos, Myanmar, and Iran were held, following which the parties confirmed plans to deepen cooperation and develop new joint projects.
— At least 17 cases of Russian UAVs flying into Belarusian airspace have been recorded. At least two of them crashed on the territory of Belarus. The number of such incidents is likely to be higher than is publicly known, as the authorities are restricting the dissemination of information. Officials explain the incursions by the influence of Russian EW means and announce the creation of a countermeasure system in Belarus, including EW, aviation, and protective measures at enterprises. At the same time, the proportion of UAVs that have flown into Belarus remains low (about 0.31%), but the dynamics are wave-like, and it is unlikely that such incidents will cease in the near future.
— The main news in the legislative sphere was the signing of a law providing for administrative and, in the case of repeated violations, criminal liability for the illegal import, storage, and use of UAVs, which continues the trend towards tighter control following the incident involving damage to a Russian A-50 aircraft in 2023. At the same time, amendments were made to the Law on Military Duty and Military Service: now citizens suspected or accused of evading conscription can avoid criminal prosecution if they voluntarily agree to perform military service.
— The situation with the Russian group in Belarus remains stable: air defense units continue to be stationed at Ziabrauka and Mazyr airfields. As of November 1, the number of Russian troops in Belarus is estimated at about 2,000 people.
— Arrivals of aircraft of the Russian Aerospace Forces and FSB have been recorded in Belarus: four passenger aircraft (two Tu-154 and two Tu-134) at Baranavichy airfield, two Il-76 transport aircraft at Homiel airport, and one An-148 passenger aircraft at Hrodna airport. As of November 1, there was no permanent presence of aircraft of the Russian Aerospace Forces in Belarus.
Contents
1. Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus
1.1. Combat training
1.2. Aviation activity
1.3. Military commissariats
1.4. Territorial defense
1.5. Training of the mobilization reserve
1.6. Rearmament
1.7. Military infrastructure development. Formation of new units
1.8. Personnel appointments and staffing
1.9. International military cooperation
1.10. Tactical nuclear weapons. Oreshnik missile system
2. Internal Troops. Border Guard Service.State Security Committee
2.1. Internal Troops
2.2. Border Guard Service
2.3. State Security Committee
3. Group deployed in the border regions of Belarus
3.1. Border with Ukraine
3.2. Border with NATO member states
4. Work of the military-industrial complex. Military-technical cooperation
5. Violation of Belarus’s airspace by Russian UAVs
6. Amendments to legislation in the military sphere
7. Russia’s military activity in Belarus
7.1. Russian group in Belarus
7.2. Aviation activity
If you would like to receive the full version of the report, please contact us at info@isans.org
Материал доступен на русском языке: Обзор военной активности в Беларуси за октябрь 2025
